Operating means for clutches.



W. W. HARTMAN & H. S. GAHN. OPERATING MEANS FOR CLUTGHES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.24, 1912.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFTCE,

WILLIAM W. HARTMAN AND HENRY S. CAHN, 0F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA,ASSIGNORS TO SAID HENRY S. CAHN.

OPERATING MEANS FOR CLUTCHES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 2, 1191.3.

Application filed January 24, 1912. Serial No. 673,255.

To all 'tU/mlit it may concern.

Be it known that we, l VILL'IAM YV. ILurr- "MAN and Illnvuv S. OA'UN,citizens of the United t ltatcs, residing at Los Angeles, in the countyof Los Angclcs and State of alifornia, have jointly invented new anduseful. Improvements in Operating Means for Oll'ltcllOS, of which thefollowing .is a speci ticati on.

This invention relates to operating means for clutches, particularly asemplo ed in surfacing machines for optical goods and the like, such asoptical lenses, and it has for its object to provide improvements inmachines of this character which will be relatively superior in point ofsimplicity and inexpensiveness of construction and organization combinedwith positiveness and etliciency in service, facility in control andadjustment, durability, and adaptal'iility to varying con ditions of useand service; and which will be generally superior in performance of thefunctions for which it is devised and adapted.

In constructing and organizing a machine of the character underconsideration, it is of extreme desirability that the same be capable ofready installation in and removal from working position, that it becapable of long continued use and service with a minimum of attention,that it be compact in form so as to be as much as possible out of theway of the operator, and that it may be thrown into or out of operationby means which may be utilized without the operator taking either handfrom the work. It will be found that all of these dcsiderata have beentaken into consideration and provided for in carrying our invention intoeffect; and with the above objects in view, the invention consists inthe new and useful provision, construction, formation, combination,association and relative arrangement of parts, members and features, allas hereinafter described, shown in the drawings, and finally pointed outin claims.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view, parts being inelevation, of a machine embodying the invention and shown installed inposition for service; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same; Fig. 3 is adetail transverse sectional view, taken upon the line X -X, Fig. 1, andlooking in the direction of the appended arrows; Fig. 4: is a verticalsectional view, fragmentary, taken upon the lines X"----X, Figs. 1 and3, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows in each instance;and, Fig. 5 is a fragmentary face view of a dctail of the constrluztionshown in the other figures.

Corresponding parts in all the figures are denoted by the same referenceclmractcrs.

lcfcrring with mrticularity to the drawings, the improved surfacingmachine disclosed therein comprises a central vertical shaft A uponwhich, at the upper end, the surfacing device or tool, (not shown), isplaced and suitably held. This surfacing device may be of any particularform, construction or kind, in accordance with the nature of service tobe performed, and the work, such as an optical lens, is held to the sameby the operator through a suitable agency, not sho'wn, or directly byhand, or by both, so that the work is properly manipulated and kept incontact with the abrasive surface of the tool. The shaft A. is shown assuitably journaled in a vertical frame 15, comprising oppositely bowedside members (3 and 7 joined at their lower extremities by a bearingmember 8, and at their upper extremities by a bearing member 9 capped byan annular plate 10. The lower end of the shaft A [its rotatablydirectly within the bearing member 8. The upper end is rotatablyreceived within an elongated ring of Babbitt metal or similaranti-friction material 11., held in place by a sleeve '12 the lower endof which constitutes the inner wall of the bearing member 9. Upon theupper end of the sleeve 12 is slidably mounted an annular plate 13hearing an upwardly directcd tapered collar 14-. In installing themachine in position for service, the sleeve 12 is passed upwardlythrough a suitable hole in the supporting structure, such as a\\'(n-kbencl1 15, minus the plate 13 and its collar, and these areafterward applied over the upper end of the sleeve 12 and brought tobear upon the upper sin-face of the bench. The two plates 10 and 13 arethen drawn together to clamp the bench and hold the machine thereto, asby bolts 16, which permit the detachment of the machine as desired.Adjustably and detachably mounted upon the shaft A. above the sleeve 12is a bell-shapcd or downwardly flaring shield 17 fixed in position by asetscrew 18 or the like which inipinges upon the shaft; and as shown inFig. 1 this shield, in service, fits down over the tapered collar 14,the formation of which it closely fits, with but a slight clearancebetween the two, as indicated at the annular space 19. 7

Before seating the shaft A in the frame 13 the lower and smaller endthereof, which eventually fits the bearing member 8 as a step-bearing,is passed through a collar 19 a coil spring beneath the collar, a clutchmember 0 splined upon the shaft A, a ring 2O beneath the clutch memberC, a clutch member and pulley D loose upon the shaft, a washer 21, acollar 22 and a washer 23, all in the order named. When the shaft ishome, in the bearing members 8 and 9, the collar 22 is fixed to theshaft by a pin 24, and the collar 19 is fixed to the shaft by a pin 2.The shaft is slightly reduced in diameter, as at 26, directly above thecollar 19; again, as at 27 directly above the clutch member and pulleyD; and again, as at 28, directly above the collar 22.

The coil spring 20 bears at one end upon the upper portion of the clutchmember G, and at the other end within an annular groove 29 in the lowerportion of the collar 19 Both collars 19 and 22 are preferably ofhardened steel, the collar 22 acting as a *hrust bearing for the shaftat the reduced portion 28 thereof.

E designates operating means for the clutch comprising the two members Cand D, it being understood that the member 1) serves to drive the shaftthrough the clutch, under motion imparted by a suitable belt, not shown.

The shaft A is provided or formed with lubricating means F which maycomprise a longitudinal axial bore or duct 30 leading from the upper endof the shaft downwardly to a point adjacent to the lower end, andprovided with a lateral branch passage 31 supplying the bearing member9, a lateral branch passage 32 supplying the branch member C, a lateralbranch passage 33 supplying the pulley D, and a lateral branch passage34 supplying the bearing member 8. These passages are clearly indicatedin Fig. 1 and require no detail illustration to make clear theirfunctions of lubrication.

The operating means E comprise a swinging yoke 35 the ends of which arepivotally engaged with a shaft 36 centrally supported by a bracket 37depending from the plate 10, said shaft being held fixed in the bracketby a screw or the like 38. Centrally of the yoke 35 is a roller 39 whichprojects within an inclined cam slot 40 formed in one face of a collar41 rotatably embracing a short vertical shaft 42 likewise depending fromthe plate 10 diametrically opposite to the bracket 37. The shaft 42 hasan elongated recess 4O behind the cam slot 40 within it in a verticalpath as the yoke 35 swings vertically. This collar 41 is rotatablysupported upon a collar 43 held to the lower end of the stud shaft 42 bya cotter pin 44. A supplemental yoke 45 is pivotally supported adjacentto its ends, as at 46, within the arms of the yoke 35, and fits within achannel 47 between spaced flanges 48 and 49 upon the body 50 of theclutch member .(J. Depending from the body 50 is thecone crown 51 of theclutch member G, the same entering a complementary conical crown 51 uponthe body 52 of the clutch member 0 and pulley D; said crowns 51 and 51being adapted to co-act in clutch-operation upon their relative approachunder actuation of the swinging yokes 35 and 45 which are in turn swungto produce the clutch-operation, by the movement of the roller 39 in thecollar 41, plus the urgence of the coil spring 20. The operating means Efurther include a lever arm 53 projecting outwardly from the collar 41and whereby the same may be turned upon the shaft 42.

The operation, method of use and advantages of the improvements insurfacing machines shown as embodying the invention will be readilyunderstood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings and the following statement: The entire machine,assembled as shown in the drawings, in connection with a bench or thelike, is at all times conveniently under control of the operator, withrespect to application of the work to the surfacing device at the upperend of the shaft A, and with respect to the stationary or movingcondition of the shaft A. The lever arm 53 projects conveniently belowthe level of the bench or the like 15,

so that the operator can throw it with the knee to cause the deoressionof the yoke 35 and the yoke 45 and the throwing of the clutch intocondition to set up operation of the shaft, or so as to cause theelevation of said yokes and the throwing of the clutch out of operation.In the first of these movements the spring 20 assists, the clutch beingthrown out of operation against the tension of said spring, and theroller 39 riding into the upper end of the cam slot 40 in which a dwellis provided as shown in Fig. 5, thus holding the clutch membersdisengaged. The shield 17 tends to deflect the particles of materialfalling from the work, causing them to be spread laterally and away fromthe bearing member 9 inclusive of the sleeve 12 and anti-frictionmaterial 11, at the upper end of the collar 14. If any such finelydivided material works into the space between the shield 17 and thecollar 14, rotation of the shield tends to work such material downwardlyand outwardly upon the bench, and to keep it out of the working surfaceswhich the roller 39 is also received to guide I at the upper end of theshaft. The lubrirating duct 30 with its loranch passages 31, 3:3, 33,and 34, ell'ectually lubricates bearing member 9, the clutch meml'ier (lwhere it reciprocates upon the shaft: A, the pulley l), and the bearingmember 8; and it is only necessary to introduce lubricant at one oilinghole to oil the entire machine, or the essential working parts thereofincident to rotation of the shaft A, such hole being the upper end ofthe duct 30. The end thrust upon the shaft f1, due to application ol thework to the upper end oi the shaft, is transmitted finally to the hardsteel collar 22 above the bearing member 8, the reduced portion .28 otthe shaft :torn'nug an annular shoulder bearing directly upon saidcollar, and receiving lubricant by feed downwardly :t'rom the branchchamber 32-. This end thrust is eipialized. throughout the working partsdirectly connected with the shaft A, by the provision of the reducedshait't portion 26 bearing upon the collar 19, and the provision of thereduced portion 27 bearing upon the pulley I). All of the end thrustbeing taken up at the collar 22 as recited. The operating means E arepan ticularly positive in their effect, the spring 20 holding the clutchmembers in engage-- ment but so hohfling them yicldingly, and therebyin'rparting to the shaft the proper amount of power required.Application of excessive friction to the upper end of the shaft, inusing the machine, will tend to stop the rotation of the shaft, thespring 20 yielding sutiiciently to permit the clutch members tooperatively disengage. The pivotal mounting of the yoke 45 in the yoke25 permits the yoke il-,5 to remain horizontal and in working connectionwith the clutch body 50 during the swinging ot' the yoke 35 permits theyoke t?) to remain horizontal and out of working condition; and the combination of the two yokes with the roller 35) and cam slot 40 in thecollar 41-1, plus the lever arm 53, constitutes a working assemblage ofproper sensitivcncss to slight pressure plus positiveness and highelliciency. it will be :turther noted that the major portion of themachine is installed out o'li the way beneath the bench, oniy theworking end of the shaft A and the shield 17 being exposed in additionto the surfacing device. The clear space on the bench is thus butslightly obstructed.

In conclusion, we do not desire to be understood as limiting ourselvesto the specific provision, formation, construction, com bination,association and relative arrangement of parts, members and featuresshown and described; but reserve the right to vary the same, in adaptingthe improvements to varying conditions of use, without depart ing fromthe spirit of the invention and the terms of the ttollowing claimsHaving thus described our invention, we

claim and desire to secure by Letters latent '1. An operating shaft, andoperating means therc'lior comprising a two-member clutch one of whichis mounted to rotate with the shaft and the other of which is tree uponthe shaft, tension means acting to Force the clutch members intococngag1.1- ment, and means 'lor relatively separating the clutchmembers and so holding them; said last-named means comprising a first:pivoted part, a second part pivotally connected with said tirst pivotedpart and loosely connected with one ol said clutch members, and cammeans :lor swinging said lirst pivoted part; said cam means comprising acollar having a cam slot, and a roller upon said first pivoted part andentering said cam slot; said collar being}'n.' vided with a lever arm.

52. An operating shaft, and operating means therefor comprising atwo-member clutch one ot which is mounted to rotate with the shaft andthe other of, which is free upon the shaft, tension means acting totorce the clutch members into co-engagement, and means for relativelyseparating the clutch members and so holding them; said last named meanscomprising a first pivoted part, a second part pivotally connected withsaid first pivoted part and loosely connected with one oil said clutchmembers, and cam means for swinging said first pivoted part; said cammeans comprising a collar having a cam slot, and a roller upon saidfirst pivoted part and entering said cam slot; said collar beingprovided with a lever arm; there being a shaft upon which said collar isslidably mounted, said shatt having an elongated recess receiving aportion of said roller.

3. An operating shaft, and operating means therefor con'iprising atwo-member clutch one o't. which is mounted to rotate with the sha'litand the other of which is free upon the shaft, tension means acting to:force the clutch members into co engag'ement, and means for relativelyseparating the clutch members and so holding them; said last-named meanscomprising a second shatt at right angles to said first-named shatt, afirst yoke pivoted at its ends to said second shatt, a second yokepivoted to said first yoke and loosely connected with one of said clutchmembers, and cam means co-acting with said first yoke; said cam meanscomprising a third sha'l't, a collar slidably and rotatably mounted uponsaid third shaft and provided with a cam slot, and a lever arm 'loractuating said collar; said first yoke being provided with a rollerentering said cam slot.

4. An operating shaft, and means for operating the same comprising twoclutch members one of which is loose upon the shaft and the other ofwhich is mounted to rotate with the shaft; and means for relativelymoving the clutch members comprising a first pivoted yoke, a secondpivoted yoke pivotally connected with the first yoke and looselyconnected with one of the clutch members, and cam means co-acting withsaid first yoke; said cam means comprising a rotatably and slidablvmounted collar having a cam slot; said first yoke being provided with aroller entering said cam slot.

5. An operating shaft, a frame for the same provided with oppositelybowed side members and with bearing members at the points of connectionof said side members, and operating means for said shaft applied to thesame between said side members of the frame; said operating meanscomprising clutch members and means for relatively moving the same; saidshaft being reduced in diameter beneath said clutch members; there beinga collar applied to the shaft above one bearing member and upon whichthe end thrust of the shaft is received at said reduced portionthereof.-

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification inthe presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM W. HARTMAN. HENRY S. OAHN.

l/Vitnesses C. P. WARDEN, V

RAYMOND I. BLAKESLEE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Gommissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

